Povzetek

Investicija ali investiranje je termin s številnimi tesno povezanimi pomeni v gospodarstvu, trgovini, financah, in ekonomiji. Beseda investicija izhaja iz latinščine in pomeni uporabo kapitala za nadomeščanje ali razširitev obsega produkcijskih sredstev. Investicija ima veliko vlogo pri širitvi osebne potrošnje kot tudi splošne družbene potrošnje in rasti/upadanju gospodarske rasti vsake družbe. Poznamo tudi investicije  v ožjem in širšem smislu, v materialne in nematerialne naložbe, v izdatke za raziskave in razvoj, v gospodarske in negospodarske ter v človeški kapital. Investitorji uredijo in sistematizirajo podatke in informacije v obliki investicijskega programa (študije). Obseg le-te je odvisen od specifike vsakega investicijskega projekta, najpogosteje uporabljene so projektna dokumentacija, analiza tehnološkega postopka, analiza trga, analiza potreb po kadrih ipd. Ostale širše sintetične študije na področju investicij so  še dokument identifikacije investicijskega projekta, predinvesticijska študija, študija izvedbe, poročilo o izvajanju in spremljanju investicije. Vsebino investicijske dokumentacije določajo vrsta in namen investicije ter pravila stroke, ki veljajo v dejavnosti, v katero se uvršča investicija. Investicijska dokumentacija mora biti izdelana strokovno in v okviru razpoložljivih podatkov.

Key words: investments, preparation

Abstract

Investment or investing is a term with many closely related meanings in economy, trade, finance, and economics. The word of investment derives from Latin and means the use of capital to replace or expand the scale of production assets. The investment plays a major role in expanding personal consumption as well as overall social spending and the growth / decline in each company's economic growth. We also know investments in the narrower and broader sense, in tangible and intangible investments, in expenditure on research and development, in economic, non-economic and in human capital. Investors regulate and systematize data and information in the form of an investment program (studies). The scope of this depends on the specifics of each investment project, the most commonly used project documentation, the analysis of the technological process, the analysis of the market, the analysis of needs for personnel, etc. Other widespread synthetic studies in the field of investments are the document identifying the investment project, the pre-investment study, the performance study, the implementation report and the monitoring of the investment. The content of the investment documentation determines the type and purpose of the investment and the rules of the profession in force in the activity to which it relates investment. The investment documentation must be produced professionally and within the available data.

Ključne besede: investicije, priprave

Povzetek

Javna dela so eden izmed ukrepov aktivne politike zaposlovanja in se običajno izvajajo v pristojnosti Zavodov za zaposlovanje.  Javna dela so namenjena spodbujanju povpraševanja po delovni sili, spodbujanju brezposelnih k samozaposlovanu pri podobnih delih in odpiranju novih tržnih niš. Financiranje programov javnih del poteka skladno z določili Pravilnika o financiranju in izvajanju programa javnih del. Ta pravilnik določa način izvajanja in financiranja programov javnih del ter opredeljuje ciljne skupine brezposelnih oseb, ki se vključujejo v programe javnih del, ter vrsto stroškov in obveznosti zavoda in naročnikov oziroma izvajalcev javnih del. V program javna dela se lahko vključijo dolgotrajno brezposelne osebe, ki so več kot eno leto neprekinjeno prijavljene v evidenci brezposelnihi oseb pri Zavodu za zaposlovanje in hkrati izpolnjujejo kriterije za vključitev v javna dela. Javna dela so lahko tudi zelo dobra karierna priložnost. Problematika, ki pa se pojavlja v Sloveniji je kasnejša vključitev oseb po izteku javnih del v redni delovni proces.

Ključne besede:  Zakon o urejanju trga dela, Javna dela, brezposelnost, javni uslužbenci,  Zavod za zaposlovanje.

Abstract

Public works are one of the measures of the active employment policy and are usually performed in the jurisdiction of employment offices.  Public works are intended to promote labour demand, stimulate the unemployed in self-employment, for similar work, and to open new market niches. The financing of the public works programmes takes place in accordance with the provisions of the Policy on the financing and implementation of the programme of public works. This policy sets out the method of implementation and financing of the public works programmes and identifies target groups of unemployed persons, who are included in the programs of public works, and the nature of costs and liabilities of the institution and the contracting authorities or providers of public works. Programme of public works may include the long-term unemployed, who are more than one year continuously reported in the records of unemployed persons in the employment offices and at the same time meet the criteria for inclusion in public works. Public work can lead to good opportunities for an individual's career. However, the problem in Slovenia is the delayed inclusion of the unemployed in the regular work process after the expiry of public works.

Key words: Law on arranging of a market, Public works, unemployment, civil servants, employment office.