Znanstveni ?lanek

Povzetek

V prispevku se ukvarjamo s specifi?nim pogledom na vodenje, ki sta ga razvila avtorja Bolman in Deal. Avtorja sta ob upo�tevanju kompleksnih zna?ilnosti vodenja, ki so jih pogosto obravnavale prav vedenjske teorije, oblikovala teorijo vodstvenih okvirjev in pomenijo razli?ne stile vodenja, ki se med seboj razlikujejo glede na situacijo ali nalogo, ki jo je treba izvesti. Tako sta predvidevala, da je mogo?e razli?ne stile vodenja in razli?ne vodstvene situacije uokviriti v �tiri vodstvene okvirje: politi?nega, simbolnega, strukturnega in okvir ?love�kih virov. V na�i raziskavi nas je zanimalo, kak�ne okvire vodenja oblikujejo posamezniki, ki sicer opravljajo delovne naloge na razli?nih delovnih mestih in polo�ajih, ko so postavljeni v vlogo vodje projekta. Na vzorcu 160 oseb smo oblikovali klju?ne ugotovitve raziskave, ki smo jo opravili s pomo?jo analize skupin (Cluster analiza) z Wardovo metodo. Ugotovili smo, da se oblikujeta 2 skupini, ki se med seboj razlikujeta glede na stopnjo hierarhi?nosti delovnih mest in razli?nosti oblikovanja vodstvenih okvirjev. Raziskava je tako pokazala, da se ob vodenju projektne skupine glede na hierarhi?no razli?na delovna mesta oblikujejo razli?ni stili vodenja.

Klju?ne besede: stili vodenja, referen?ni okvirji, delovna mesta, Cluster analiza

Abstract

In the paper, we deal with a special view of leadership developed by Bolman in Deal. Considering the complex management characteristics, often dealt with by behavioral theories, the authors have shaped the framework of framework theories and mean different leadership styles, which differ from one another according to the situation or task to be performed. Thus, they assumed that the various management styles can be framed in four leadership frameworks: political, symbolic, structural, and human resources frameworks. In our study, we were interested in what kind of leadership frameworks are created by individuals who perform job assignments at various positions in positions when they are appointed as project managers. Based on a sample of 160 people, we formed the key findings of the research, which we performed with the help of group analysis (Cluster analysis) with the Ward method. We have established that there are 2 groups that differ in terms of the level of hierarchy of jobs and the diversity of the design of management frames. The research thus showed that when managing a project group with different hierarchically different jobs, different leadership styles are formed.

Key words: leadership styles, leadership frames, workplaces, Cluster analysis

Strokovni ?lanek

Povzetek

Investicija ali investiranje je termin s �tevilnimi tesno povezanimi pomeni v gospodarstvu, trgovini, financah, in ekonomiji. Beseda investicija izhaja iz latin�?ine in pomeni uporabo kapitala za nadome�?anje ali raz�iritev obsega produkcijskih sredstev. Investicija ima veliko vlogo pri �iritvi osebne potro�nje kot tudi splo�ne dru�bene potro�nje in rasti/upadanju gospodarske rasti vsake dru�be. Poznamo tudi investicije v o�jem in �ir�em smislu, v materialne in nematerialne nalo�be, v izdatke za raziskave in razvoj, v gospodarske in negospodarske ter v ?love�ki kapital. Investitorji uredijo in sistematizirajo podatke in informacije v obliki investicijskega programa (�tudije). Obseg le-te je odvisen od specifike vsakega investicijskega projekta, najpogosteje uporabljene so projektna dokumentacija, analiza tehnolo�kega postopka, analiza trga, analiza potreb po kadrih ipd. Ostale �ir�e sinteti?ne �tudije na podro?ju investicij so �e dokument identifikacije investicijskega projekta, predinvesticijska �tudija, �tudija izvedbe, poro?ilo o izvajanju in spremljanju investicije. Vsebino investicijske dokumentacije dolo?ajo vrsta in namen investicije ter pravila stroke, ki veljajo v dejavnosti, v katero se uvr�?a investicija. Investicijska dokumentacija mora biti izdelana strokovno in v okviru razpolo�ljivih podatkov.

Key words: investments, preparation

Abstract

Investment or investing is a term with many closely related meanings in economy, trade, finance, and economics. The word of investment derives from Latin and means the use of capital to replace or expand the scale of production assets. The investment plays a major role in expanding personal consumption as well as overall social spending and the growth / decline in each company's economic growth. We also know investments in the narrower and broader sense, in tangible and intangible investments, in expenditure on research and development, in economic, non-economic and in human capital. Investors regulate and systematize data and information in the form of an investment program (studies). The scope of this depends on the specifics of each investment project, the most commonly used project documentation, the analysis of the technological process, the analysis of the market, the analysis of needs for personnel, etc. Other widespread synthetic studies in the field of investments are the document identifying the investment project, the pre-investment study, the performance study, the implementation report and the monitoring of the investment. The content of the investment documentation determines the type and purpose of the investment and the rules of the profession in force in the activity to which it relates investment. The investment documentation must be produced professionally and within the available data.

Klju?ne besede: investicije, priprave

Strokovni ?lanek

Povzetek

Javna dela so eden izmed ukrepov aktivne politike zaposlovanja in se obi?ajno izvajajo v pristojnosti Zavodov za zaposlovanje. Javna dela so namenjena spodbujanju povpra�evanja po delovni sili, spodbujanju brezposelnih k samozaposlovanu pri podobnih delih in odpiranju novih tr�nih ni�. Financiranje programov javnih del poteka skladno z dolo?ili Pravilnika o financiranju in izvajanju programa javnih del. Ta pravilnik dolo?a na?in izvajanja in financiranja programov javnih del ter opredeljuje ciljne skupine brezposelnih oseb, ki se vklju?ujejo v programe javnih del, ter vrsto stro�kov in obveznosti zavoda in naro?nikov oziroma izvajalcev javnih del. V program javna dela se lahko vklju?ijo dolgotrajno brezposelne osebe, ki so ve? kot eno leto neprekinjeno prijavljene v evidenci brezposelnihi oseb pri Zavodu za zaposlovanje in hkrati izpolnjujejo kriterije za vklju?itev v javna dela. Javna dela so lahko tudi zelo dobra karierna prilo�nost. Problematika, ki pa se pojavlja v Sloveniji je kasnej�a vklju?itev oseb po izteku javnih del v redni delovni proces.

Klju?ne besede: Zakon o urejanju trga dela, Javna dela, brezposelnost, javni uslu�benci, Zavod za zaposlovanje.

Abstract

Public works are one of the measures of the active employment policy and are usually performed in the jurisdiction of employment offices. Public works are intended to promote labour demand, stimulate the unemployed in self-employment, for similar work, and to open new market niches. The financing of the public works programmes takes place in accordance with the provisions of the Policy on the financing and implementation of the programme of public works. This policy sets out the method of implementation and financing of the public works programmes and identifies target groups of unemployed persons, who are included in the programs of public works, and the nature of costs and liabilities of the institution and the contracting authorities or providers of public works. Programme of public works may include the long-term unemployed, who are more than one year continuously reported in the records of unemployed persons in the employment offices and at the same time meet the criteria for inclusion in public works. Public work can lead to good opportunities for an individual's career. However, the problem in Slovenia is the delayed inclusion of the unemployed in the regular work process after the expiry of public works.

Key words: Law on arranging of a market, Public works, unemployment, civil servants, employment office.

Strokovni ?lanek

Povzetek

?lovek se uresni?uje in izpopolnjuje skozi svoje delo, zato je pomembno, da si vsak posameznik poi�?e zaposlitev, ki bo ustrezala njegovim psihofizi?nim sposobnostim, osebnim lastnostim, izobrazbi, interesom, ustvarjalnosti, �eljam. Ljudje se pri delu ne razlikujemo med seboj zgolj po sposobnostih, ampak tudi po delovni vnemi oziroma motivaciji za delo. Uspe�nost posameznika je pogoj za uspe�nost skupine, lahko bi rekli, da je to pogoj za uspe�nost celotne organizacije. Ustvarjalnost se nana�a na �irok razpon ?lovekovih aktivnosti, predstavlja pa predvsem uresni?evanje dolo?enih sposobnosti in prizadevanj. Zelo pomembna dejavnika v storitvenih podjetjih sta tudi komunikacija in motivacija izvajalca. Ta dva dejavnika lahko vplivata tudi na kakovost storitev v podjetju.

Klju?ne besede: Uspe�nost podjetja, ustvarjalnost, zaposleni, delovna u?inkovitost, komunikacija, motivacija, storitveno podjetje.

Abstract

People realize and fulfil themselves through their work, so it is very important for every person to find a job appropriate to his or her psychophysical abilities, character traits, education, interests, creativity, wishes. When at work people are not different from each other only due to the skills but also to the working eagerness or the motivation for work. For a group to succeed, the individual has to succeed, we could say, that this is an important key for the whole organisation to prosper. Creativity alludes to wide span of human activities, but it mainly represents the realization of certain abilities and efforts. Two very important factors for a business are motivation and communication. These two factors affect the quality of the services the business offers.

Key words: prosperity business, creativity, employees, work effectiveness, communication, motivation, service business.

IBS Mednarodna poslovna �ola Ljubljana